Federal Election Day law (1845)
Congress set federal Election Day as the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November, a workday that has anchored voting schedules ever since.
Elections became fixed to Tuesdays, when many people face work and childcare obligations.
Created the structural need for early and weekend voting options to broaden access beyond a single workday.
Helps explain why a Saturday session is novel: voting has long defaulted to a Tuesday workday, which is exactly the constraint the new session tests.
