Ahmed Sharif Chaudhry

Force in Play

Confirmed Pakistani forces deployed in Saudi Arabia

Turkey's parliament ratified the Mecca Joint Defense Agreement on November 5, with 279 votes in favor and 119 against, completing ratification by all three members. The pact commits Turkey, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan to treat an attack on one as an attack on all.

Updated 5 days ago

Force in Play

Publicly defending the Saudi deployment and the Makkah alliance's collective-deterrence terms

Britain is sending Royal Air Force Typhoon fighters to help Saudi Arabia defend cities and oil sites from Houthi missiles and drones. Defence Secretary Wes Streeting said the jets will fly defensive sorties only and will not strike Yemen. Pakistan's Foreign Office said on October 16 that Islamabad is 'fully on board' with the Makkah pact.

Updated Oct 27