Times Square Pedestrian Plaza (2009)
New York City closed Broadway to cars in Times Square and Herald Square in 2009, drawing fierce opposition from taxi drivers and some businesses. The city later reported fewer pedestrian injuries and rising foot traffic in the area.
Initial business complaints softened as foot traffic rose; several opponents became supporters.
Times Square became a permanent car-free zone and a national model for pedestrian plazas.
Shows that car-free conversions often face business resistance before proving their economic case — the same test Monroe Street now faces.
