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Colorado’s new fire-season tradeoff: Xcel cuts power to stop a spark

Colorado’s new fire-season tradeoff: Xcel cuts power to stop a spark

Built World
By Newzino Staff | |

A second shutoff, a rare NWS “Particularly Dangerous Situation,” and 100+ mph winds push outage counts higher—and stretch restoration into the weekend.

December 19th, 2025: A second shutoff looms

Overview

Xcel Energy’s deliberate blackout on Colorado’s Front Range didn’t end neatly when the wind eased. By the time crews could start patrols, the first PSPS was entangled with widespread storm damage—Xcel said total weather-related outages reached about 120,000, far beyond the roughly 50,000 customers initially targeted for de-energization.

Then the experiment escalated: Xcel confirmed and carried out a second PSPS early Friday, Dec. 19—targeting about 69,000 customers across six counties—as forecasters warned of exceptionally dangerous fire weather. The utility warned restoration would not be immediate even after winds subside, because lines must be physically inspected before re-energizing, with many customers projected to return by Sunday (Dec. 21) and some potentially slipping into Monday (Dec. 22).

Key Indicators

69,000
Customers targeted for the second PSPS (Dec. 19)
Xcel expanded shutoffs to include Gilpin County alongside Boulder, Clear Creek, Jefferson, Larimer and Weld.
120,000
Total outages reported after the first wind event
Xcel reported ~50,000 PSPS-related outages plus ~68,500 additional weather-related outages as of Wednesday evening.
700 miles
De-energized line miles tied to the event
AP reported nearly 700 miles of lines were de-energized, with restoration only partial by Thursday afternoon.
Dec. 21 (noon)–Dec. 22
Restoration window projected by Xcel after second wind event
Xcel projected many customers restored by Sunday at noon, with some restorations extending into Monday.

Interactive

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Benjamin Franklin

Benjamin Franklin

(1706-1790) · Enlightenment · wit

Fictional AI pastiche — not real quote.

"A curious remedy indeed—to guard against fire, we now extinguish the very light itself! One wonders whether our descendants shall next prevent drowning by draining the rivers, or stop bad news by silencing the messenger."

Andrew Carnegie

Andrew Carnegie

(1835-1919) · Gilded Age · industry

Fictional AI pastiche — not real quote.

"A marvel of modern caution—sacrificing present comfort to prevent catastrophe! Yet I wonder: when the wealthy monopoly decides which homes shall have light and which shall sit in darkness, have we built a system of public service or feudal privilege? In my day, we invested our fortunes in libraries that would outlast any windstorm; today's captains of industry invest in switches to turn civilization on and off at will."

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Debate Arena

Two rounds, two personas, one winner. You set the crossfire.

People Involved

Bob Frenzel
Bob Frenzel
Chairman, President and CEO, Xcel Energy (Leading company through wildfire-liability era and reliability scrutiny)
Robert F. Kennedy Jr.
Robert F. Kennedy Jr.
President, Xcel Energy—Colorado (Public-facing operational lead explaining why PSPS restorations lag wind events: inspections and repairs must be completed before re-energizing lines.)
Rebecca White
Rebecca White
Director, Colorado Public Utilities Commission (Overseeing consumer-protection expectations for PSPS communications)
Ken Paxton
Ken Paxton
Texas Attorney General (Suing Xcel unit over 2024 Smokehouse Creek wildfire)

Organizations Involved

Xcel Energy
Xcel Energy
Investor-owned utility holding company
Status: Deploying PSPS in Colorado while facing wildfire risk, scrutiny, and liability pressure

A major multi-state utility using planned outages to reduce wildfire ignition risk.

Public Service Company of Colorado (Xcel Energy subsidiary)
Public Service Company of Colorado (Xcel Energy subsidiary)
Electric and gas utility (operating company)
Status: Executing wildfire mitigation plan and PSPS operations under Colorado regulation

Xcel’s Colorado utility that decides when and where the lights go out for safety.

Colorado Public Utilities Commission
Colorado Public Utilities Commission
State utility regulator
Status: Setting expectations for PSPS planning, communication, and cost recovery

Colorado’s referee for the core PSPS question: safety tool or unacceptable service failure.

National Weather Service
National Weather Service
Federal Agency
Status: Issuing Red Flag and High Wind warnings that trigger PSPS decision-making

The warning system utilities treat as a trigger for shutting parts of the grid down.

University of Colorado Boulder
University of Colorado Boulder
Public university
Status: Canceling normal operations during PSPS and wind-driven fire risk

A major local institution illustrating how fast PSPS disrupts daily life.

Timeline

  1. A second shutoff looms

    Operations

    Xcel evaluates another PSPS as new high-wind conditions could overlap ongoing restoration work.

  2. Second PSPS begins; Xcel warns unplanned outages could exceed shutoff totals

    Operations

    Xcel enacted the second PSPS and warned extreme wind could trigger additional outages beyond the shutoff footprint, with re-energization delayed until inspections can confirm lines are safe.

  3. Outage totals spike again as fire risk peaks along the foothills

    Impact

    Local reporting put the number of customers without power at roughly 84,000 during the second round, with Boulder County among the hardest hit and local closures aimed at reducing ignition risk.

  4. Xcel projects many restorations by Sunday noon, with some areas slipping into Monday

    Operations

    Xcel said it would begin inspections and repairs as conditions eased, projecting a large number of customers restored by Sunday (Dec. 21) at noon and some restorations extending into Monday (Dec. 22).

  5. Xcel says outages surge beyond the PSPS footprint as restoration patrols begin

    Operations

    Xcel said total weather-related outages reached about 120,000 as of Wednesday evening, combining PSPS shutoffs with extensive wind-driven damage, and warned restoration could take hours to days after required line inspections.

  6. Second PSPS set for Dec. 19; NWS flags “Particularly Dangerous Situation” fire weather

    Operations

    Xcel confirmed a second PSPS beginning at 5 a.m. Friday, targeting roughly 69,000 customers across six counties as exceptionally dry, high-wind conditions returned.

  7. PSPS begins across the Front Range

    Operations

    Xcel initiates a Public Safety Power Shutoff affecting about 50,000 customers across multiple counties amid extreme wind and low humidity.

  8. Schools and services shift into outage mode

    Impact

    Closures and schedule changes ripple across institutions as restoration depends on post-wind patrols.

  9. Xcel warns a shutoff is likely

    Statement

    With Red Flag conditions forecast, the company tells customers to prepare for a PSPS starting Wednesday.

  10. Wildfire liability pressure escalates outside Colorado

    Legal

    Texas sues an Xcel unit over the Smokehouse Creek wildfire, spotlighting the cost of ignitions.

  11. Xcel goes “defensive” without shutting off power

    Operations

    Ahead of severe weather, Xcel activates enhanced powerline safety settings while avoiding a PSPS event.

  12. PUC approves Xcel’s wildfire plan—and the PSPS program becomes official

    Rule Changes

    A unanimous settlement greenlights a multi-year mitigation package that includes PSPS playbooks and customer protections.

  13. Regulators tighten the rules after PSPS backlash

    Rule Changes

    Colorado’s PUC closes its PSPS investigation and orders stronger notification and coordination steps.

  14. Colorado’s first PSPS: the lights go out on purpose

    Operations

    Xcel preemptively de-energizes lines for wildfire risk, affecting tens of thousands of customers.

Scenarios

1

PSPS Becomes Routine: Colorado Normalizes Planned Blackouts on Red Flag Days

Discussed by: Colorado PUC proceedings and local reporting tracking PSPS as an expanding operational tool

More wind events trigger more shutoffs, and PSPS quietly becomes seasonal infrastructure—like snowplows, but for fire weather. The trigger is simple: repeated near-miss wind events without major fires, plus regulators accepting PSPS as the least-bad option. Over time, the fight shifts from “should you do this?” to “how many hours, how much notice, and what backup power support do customers get?”

2

Backlash Forces Limits: Outages Get Shorter, Narrower, and More Compensated

Discussed by: PUC consumer-protection actions and community complaints following prior shutoffs

If outages drag on, overlap into multiple days, or hit critical corridors repeatedly, pressure builds for stricter guardrails—harder thresholds, mandatory local coordination, clearer critical-customer protections, and potentially financial remedies. The trigger would be a high-profile failure in communications or a medically significant incident tied to loss of power, pushing the PUC to treat PSPS like a regulated last resort rather than a utility discretion.

3

The Grid Gets Smarter: EPSS and Targeted Automation Reduce the Need for Full Shutoffs

Discussed by: Xcel operational updates emphasizing enhanced safety settings and wildfire mitigation investments

Instead of turning off whole areas, Xcel leans harder on more granular protection settings, sectionalization, and faster fault isolation—keeping more customers energized while still lowering ignition risk. The trigger is performance: fewer ignitions plus faster restoration metrics that prove automation can substitute for broad PSPS footprints on all but the worst days.

4

A Fire Still Happens: A Wind-Driven Ignition Reignites the Lawsuit Era—and PSPS Expands Anyway

Discussed by: Wildfire litigation dynamics highlighted by multi-state cases against utilities

A major fire linked to electrical equipment—or a fire that spreads during an outage—reshapes the political map. The trigger would be a catastrophic event with clear attribution, producing new lawsuits and a credibility crisis. Paradoxically, the response could still be more PSPS, not less, as utilities and insurers demand maximum ignition prevention even at the cost of more frequent disruptions.

Historical Context

California’s PSPS era (PG&E and peers)

2019–2021

What Happened

After catastrophic wildfires and massive liability exposure, California utilities began using Public Safety Power Shutoffs at large scale. The outages were widely criticized for poor notice and broad impact, but also became a central risk-management tool during extreme fire weather.

Outcome

Short Term

PSPS expanded while regulators demanded better communication and backup-power planning.

Long Term

Utilities invested heavily in vegetation management, hardening, automation, and undergrounding to reduce shutoff frequency.

Why It's Relevant Today

Colorado is replaying an earlier chapter of the same story: safety-driven outages before a fire, then policy fights after.

Marshall Fire (Front Range wind-driven urban firestorm)

2021-12-30 to 2022-01-01

What Happened

A grass fire driven by extreme winds tore through Superior and Louisville, destroying over a thousand structures and killing two people. Later investigations described a second ignition involving electrical arcing near Xcel infrastructure, which the company disputed.

Outcome

Short Term

Colorado’s awareness of wind-plus-drought fire risk shifted from theory to lived experience.

Long Term

Utility wildfire mitigation and emergency preparedness gained urgency, setting the stage for PSPS acceptance—and anger.

Why It's Relevant Today

It explains why wind forecasts now trigger preemptive power decisions: people have seen what those winds can do.

Smokehouse Creek wildfire and the utility liability squeeze

2024-02 to 2025-12

What Happened

The Texas Panhandle’s Smokehouse Creek wildfire became a landmark utility-linked disaster, followed by investigations, settlements, and—by late 2025—a major lawsuit by the state. The political message was blunt: ignitions can become existential legal and financial events for utilities.

Outcome

Short Term

Wildfire prevention became a board-level priority across utility footprints.

Long Term

Utilities increasingly treat de-energization and hardening as cheaper than litigation and catastrophe.

Why It's Relevant Today

PSPS looks less like overreaction when the alternative is a billion-dollar courtroom fight.

17 Sources: