Tesla Gigafactory Nevada (2014-2016)
Tesla and Panasonic built a massive lithium-ion battery plant in the Nevada desert to supply cells for vehicles and, later, grid storage. It became a template for single-site energy manufacturing at gigawatt scale.
The plant scaled battery output through the late 2010s and anchored Tesla's storage business.
It showed that US energy transition hardware can be manufactured at enormous scale domestically, though ramp-up took years longer than initial targets.
The Houston campus is a similar bet on US-scale energy manufacturing, and like the Gigafactory it faces the gap between announced capacity and actual ramp.
