Philadelphia group-purchasing programs (cited as model)
Philadelphia operates group-purchasing arrangements that let small food retailers and nonprofits combine orders to access bulk pricing that typically favors major chains. Reports on the San Francisco pilot cite this as a working model.
Small independent grocers reach wholesale rates they could not get alone.
Became the template Mahmood's office names for the San Francisco pilot.
The San Francisco pilot directly copies this pooling mechanism to tackle corner-store price premiums.
