LC3 Cement Development (2010s)
Materials scientists at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne and IIT Delhi developed LC3 (Limestone Calcined Clay Cement), an alternative cement using clays and limestone that reduces CO₂ emissions by about 40% compared to Portland cement. The technology has been piloted in multiple countries but has struggled to gain commercial traction at scale.
Several pilot plants built in India, Cuba, and parts of Africa. LC3 is now recognized in some building codes and standards.
LC3 demonstrated that alternative cement chemistries can work technically, but adoption remains modest due to industry conservatism and established supply chains.
Shows that low-carbon cement technologies often succeed technically but face commercial barriers. Cemvision's approach — using existing industrial slags and an electrified process — aims to lower both the technical and economic hurdles.
