Crisis Intervention Team, Memphis (1988)
Memphis police created the Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) after an officer shot and killed a man with mental illness. The model trained volunteer officers in de-escalation and built formal partnerships with local mental health providers.
CIT spread to hundreds of U.S. police departments within two decades and became the standard police response to mental health calls.
Studies show CIT training improves officer attitudes and reduces arrests of people in crisis, though results on use of force are mixed.
Louisville's program extends the CIT idea — trained officers plus clinical expertise — by putting a clinician directly on the officer's feed in real time.
