Apple's cash pile and buyback era (2012–2018)
Apple accumulated a large offshore cash balance from iPhone sales. Facing pressure from investors including Carl Icahn, it began paying dividends and buying back stock in 2012, eventually issuing debt to fund buybacks rather than paying US taxes to bring cash home.
Buybacks supported Apple's share price through a stretch of slower revenue growth.
Apple became the model for large technology companies converting cash reserves into shareholder returns.
Samsung faces the same question: whether a record cash pile funds growth or buybacks.
